According to a recent study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, women with irregular menstrual cycles, longer or shorter than the average range, may have a higher risk of certain heart diseases, American Heart Association News reported, citing the latest research.
The study found that women whose menstrual cycles fell outside the typical 22- to 34-day range faced a significantly increased risk of conditions such as coronary heart disease, heart attack and atrial fibrillation compared to women with cycles within that range.
Having a regular menstrual cycle length, which indicates proper functioning of the hormonal system connecting the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovaries, is an important indicator of overall health.
However, about 20% of women experience irregular cycle length.
Previous studies have already shown a link between irregular menstrual cycles and heart disease risk factors, such as insulin resistance, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, chronic inflammation and polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Some studies also suggest that hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle may increase the risk of irregular heartbeats or arrhythmias.
Senior author Dr. Huiji Zhang, who works at Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University in Guangzhou, China, highlighted the need to explore these risk factors because of the increasing prevalence of heart disease and its associated deaths, especially since 45% of women in Western countries are affected. .
The study analyzed data from 58,056 women enrolled in the UK Biobank, a comprehensive UK health database, to explore the relationship between menstrual cycle length and heart disease.
The participants, whose average age was 46 and who had not yet reached menopause or had cardiovascular disease at the start of the study, were followed from 2006 to 2019.
During a median follow-up period of 11.8 years, the researchers found that women with irregular menstrual cycles had a 19% higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, including heart disease, heart attack, atrial fibrillation, stroke and heart failure. Women with regular length cycles.
Specifically, shorter cycles were associated with a 29% increased risk of cardiovascular disease, while longer cycles were associated with an 11% greater risk.
When examining the risk of specific conditions, the study found that shorter cycles were associated with a 38% increased risk of atrial fibrillation, while longer cycles were associated with a 30% increased risk of the same condition.
However, menstrual cycle length did not show an increased risk for stroke or heart failure.
Dr. Zhang emphasized that their: “Analysis indicates that women with menstrual cycle dysfunction may have adverse cardiovascular health outcomes.”
It should be noted, however, that the effect of menopause on menstrual cycle length cannot be ruled out in this study, as the data primarily included women aged 40 to 69.
Additionally, because the study population consisted primarily of white women, the results may not be generalizable to women of different racial and ethnic backgrounds.
Still, the research findings underscore the importance of monitoring menstrual cycle characteristics throughout a woman’s reproductive life, according to Dr. Zhang.
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