While the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Madras retained its position among the country’s top educational institutions in the ‘overall’ category for the fifth time, some Delhi University (DU) and other colleges moved up and down the charts slightly, according to the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) released on Monday. The eighth edition of the report, which also highlights the paucity of faculty with doctoral degrees, a skewed gender ratio in engineering institutes and qualitative research being limited to only the top 100 institutions.
Among the engineering institutes, IIT Delhi replaced IIT Bombay for the third position in the ‘Overall’ category this year. Several top IITs including IIT Bombay, IIT Kanpur, IIT Kharagpur, IIT Roorkee and IIT Guwahati are again in the list of top 10 institutions in the ‘overall’ category this year, which was released by Union Minister of State for Education and External Affairs Rajkumar Ranjan Singh.
In the university category, the top four remained the same as last year while Banaras Hindu University (BHU) made it to the top five. Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore followed by Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), Jamia Millia Islamia and Jadavpur University.
Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) has also moved up to ninth position to feature in the top 10 universities from 11th position last year.
Among colleges, Delhi University’s (DU) Miranda House has topped the list for the seventh time in a row. DU’s Lady Sri Ram (LSR) College dropped to ninth place from last year’s top five.
Similarly, Loyola College, Chennai, which has been in the top five for the past few years, is at the seventh position. St. Xavier’s College, Kolkata rose to fifth position from eighth position last year.
Indian Institute of Management (IIM)-Ahmedabad was ranked the top management college in the country, even as three engineering colleges including IIT-Delhi, IIT-Bombay and National Institute of Industrial Engineering, Mumbai were ranked at the top. List of 10 B-Schools.
All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) and Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) ranked sixth and 10th in the ‘overall’ category.
Institutions are ranked under 13 categories – overall, universities, colleges, engineering, management, pharmacy, law, medicine, architecture, dental, research, agriculture and innovation. They were evaluated on five broad generic parameters, including teaching, learning, and resources, research and professional practice, graduate outcomes, outreach and inclusion, and perception. This year, for the first time, NIRF has included the Agriculture and Allied Sector Division.
8,686 applications for the ranking were received this year, compared to 7,254 in 2022. The number of categories has increased from four in 2016 to 13 in 2023.
Given the increase in the number of engineering institutions, both public and private, across the country over the past decade, there are challenges in terms of employability of trained faculty and its students, the report said.
According to the findings, out of a total of 1,61,195 faculty members in engineering colleges, only 44.51% hold PhD degrees and a larger portion, 55.49%, hold Masters degrees. Also, those with doctoral qualifications are concentrated only in the top 100 institutions, which it calls a “serious handicap”.
“It has been observed that faculty with doctoral qualifications are concentrated in the top 100 institutions, while the remaining institutions have less faculty with doctoral degrees. This is a serious handicap because mentorship during doctoral training can play an important role in preparing faculty for teaching careers in higher education,” the report said.
The data shows that faculty with PhDs in the top 100 institutions varies from a minimum of 61.06% for colleges to a maximum of 91.60% for management institutions. Faculty with PhDs in the remaining institutions varied from a minimum of 33.27% for pharmacy institutions to a maximum of 64.29% for universities.
Another important data was the Squid Faculty-Student Ratio (FSR), the report showed. “There are 421 institutions (33.98%) eligible for the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) FSR of 20 students per faculty, while the remaining 818 institutions are trying to achieve the norms set by AICTE,” it said.
Also, 62.48% of the research publications come from the top 100 institutions in the ‘Overall’ category with the remaining 1,094 participating and eligible institutions contributing the remaining 37.52% of the research publications.
The report also shows that the Indian share in the overall world publication is about 4.81%. In management discipline, India’s publication share is 5.32%.
The NIRF ranking, India’s only university ranking system, was launched by the Narendra Modi-led government in 2016.
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