According to a study, patients with persistent symptoms of depression and cognitive impairment after mild to moderate Covid-19 infection, had higher levels of a protein that indicates brain inflammation.
Many patients have been found to have prolonged symptoms of Covid-19, often known as prolonged Covid. Psychological symptoms such as anxiety and depression are the most common and can last for weeks or even months after recovery.
Researchers at the Addiction and Mental Health Center of Canada used positron emission tomography (PET) to compare levels of translocator protein—a marker for gliosis (brain inflammation)—in 20 participants with persistent symptoms of depression and cognitive impairment to 20 healthy controls.
The results, published in JAMA Psychiatry, showed that the amount of translocator protein in brain regions of interest was higher in participants with depressive and cognitive symptoms than in controls (17 percent).
The difference was most pronounced in two brain regions: the ventral striatum (22 percent) and the dorsal putamen (20 percent).
“Gliosis may result from inflammation, injury, or both, particularly in the ventral striatum and dorsal putamen, which may explain some persistent depressive and cognitive symptoms, including slowed motor speed, reduced motivation or energy, and anhedonia (reduced ability to experience pleasure).” ,” the researchers said.
Alexander Gerhard of the University of Manchester, UK, said in a related comment that the study was limited by the signal from PET, which is not limited to microglial cells.
“To target neuroinflammatory changes therapeutically, we will need a more detailed understanding of microglial activation at different stages of neurological disease,” Gerhard wrote.
“Not surprisingly, relatively simple attempts to suppress microglial activation have not yet yielded clinically meaningful results.”
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