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Funded by scientists United States Government proposed a definition of Long covid Based on symptoms identified in a large study published Thursday in the Journal of the American Medical Association.
Based on Definition 12 Symptoms Most people with prolonged covid are separated from those without after six months or more of post-infection coronavirus.
Since the first day of the epidemic, many people have suffered countless times Debilitating symptoms which persisted long after they contracted Covid-19.
Patients adopted the longer covid name. Scientists call this condition post-acute sequelae, or PASC.
But there is still no systematic, universally accepted definition of long-term covid for research and which can serve as the basis for future tools to diagnose this condition.
“It’s trying to come up with a concrete, replicable definitive definition for prolonged covid,” said study author and NYU Grossman School of Medicine professor Dr. Leora Horvitz.
The study, funded by the National Institutes of Health, examined nearly 10,000 participants at 85 hospitals, health centers and community centers in 33 states.
More than 8,600 patients who had Covid were compared with more than 1,100 who did not have the virus.
The research is part of NIH’s massive $1.15 billion recovery research initiative that aims to define chronic Covid, understand what causes the condition and develop treatments for it. Abbreviation of RECOVER COVID research is being done to improve recovery.
Key symptoms
Symptoms most commonly seen in participants with prolonged covid include loss of smell and taste, post-exercise discomfort, chronic cough, brain fog, thirst, palpitations, chest pain, fatigue, changes in sexual desire, dizziness, gastrointestinal problems, abnormalities. Movement and hair loss.
The scientists assigned points based on how much each symptom distinguished participants with prolonged Covid from those who did not contract the virus.
A participant with 12 points or more is considered to have prolonged covid.
Loss of smell and taste and post-exercise discomfort, for example, were more common than other symptoms and had scores of 8 and 7 points, respectively. Palpitations and dizziness, which are characteristic of prolonged covid, but which are also common symptoms in many other conditions, scored 2 points and 1 point, respectively.
Future clinical use
Horwitz, the study’s author, said the proposed definition of prolonged covid could help doctors develop a method for diagnosing patients.
But Horvitz says the definition presented in the study is preliminary work, still needs to be refined and is not yet ready for clinical use.
In the absence of a universally accepted definition, many long-term Covid patients have struggled to receive appropriate health care, especially early in the epidemic, because some symptoms are common to other conditions, which can make diagnosis difficult.
There is no test that can diagnose prolonged covid based on blood markers. Scientists participating in RECOVER are trying to understand the underlying biology that may cause prolonged Covid, which could lead to such trials in the future.
Horvitz said the proposed definition could help create a rubric for diagnosing patients with chronic conditions like lupus. There is no single blood test that can diagnose lupus, so doctors rely on a collection of common symptoms to determine whether a patient has the disease.
The goal, Horwitz said, is to give researchers a more systematic definition that can be used to answer questions about risk factors and how long covid is likely to persist after repeated infections and among different forms of the virus, among other problems.
Biological samples from patients who developed prolonged Covid during the study could be used to investigate what causes the condition and potentially help treat and guide enrollment in future clinical trials, according to the study.
Long covid is more common before Omicron
The study also found that prolonged covid was more common among people infected before the Omicron variant spread to the United States in December 2021.
About 17% of patients who were enrolled during Omicron more than 30 days after their infection developed prolonged covid. In contrast, about 35% of those infected before the omicron era developed prolonged covid.
But patients who were reinfected during Omicron were more likely to have prolonged covid than those who reported an infection while the variant was growing. About 21% of those with recurrent infections who were enrolled after 30 days developed prolonged covid compared with 16% of those who had covid once.
Those who were fully vaccinated were less likely to have prolonged Covid regardless of whether they were infected.
About 16% of participants up to date on their shots who were infected during Omicron developed prolonged Covid, compared with 22% of those who did not receive their shots. Before Omicron, 31% of up-to-date people who were infected developed prolonged covid, compared with 37% of those who were not vaccinated.
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